United Nations Regulatory News

On 19 November 2024, the Sub-Committee of Experts on the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) published proposed clarifications to the classification criteria ...

On 19 November 2024, the Sub-Committee of Experts on the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) published proposed clarifications to the classification criteria for germ cell mutagenicity submitted by the Informal Working Group (IWG). 

These clarifications on mutagenicity classification were presented at the forty-seventh session of the Sub-Committee (UN/SCEGHS/47/INF.19) from 4 to 6 December 2024. 

Background 

Under the current GHS framework, the classification criteria for the mutagenicity hazard class focus only on reproductive cells which are also known as germ cells. The criteria have excluded somatic cells, which are present throughout the body. However, a mutation in somatic cells also poses a risk to human health. 

As of now, the GHS lacks classification information for somatic cell mutagenicity, highlighting the need for clarification on this issue. As a result, somatic mutagens may be classified as Category 2 despite their capacity to cause mutations similar to those in Category 1.  

Clarifications submitted by the IWG  

The IWG proposed two clarifications regarding mutagenicity classification: 

1. Establish two separate hazard classes - one for germ cell mutagenicity and another for somatic cell mutagenicity. 

2. Maintain a single hazard class for both germ cell mutagenicity and mutagenicity, but include separate hazard statements for each. 

Next Steps 

After the final review of all information related to the revision of the classification criteria for Category 1A/1B or Category 2 of the Germ Cell Mutagenicity Class and the corresponding testing methods, the Sub-Committee will consider this in its work programme for 2025-2026. 

On 2 January 2025, the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) published the 2025 version of the Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR) on its p...

On 2 January 2025, the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) published the 2025 version of the Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR) on its portal. All new amendments accepted by the Working Party (i.e. WP.15) in 2022, 2023 and 2024 are included in this version (ADR 2025), which is distributed under the symbols ECE/TRANS/WP.15/265 and -/Corr.1 and ECE/TRANS/WP.15/265/Add.1. UNECE publishes an updated version of ADR every two years.  

ADR 2025 (ECE/TRANS/352) consists of two volumes: 

1. Volume I:  Dangerous classification list 

2. Volume II: Transport requirements 

Insights of the ADR 2025 Version 

• 10 new entries have been added to Table A - Dangerous Goods List with UN Nos 3551-3560. 

• Special transport provisions have been introduced to carriage UN Numbers 2212 (Asbestos, amphibole) and 2590 (Asbestos, chrysotile). 

• Transport documentation requirements have been added. 

• Revised Waste Transport Regulations including Asbestos. 

• ADR 2025 is based on the Model Regulations annexed to the twenty-third revised edition of the Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods published by the United Nations (ST/SG/AC.10/1/Rev.23). 

• The electronic version of ADR 2025 is available free of charge in three languages (English, French, and Russian). 

Transitional Measures and Enforcement Dates 

ADR 2025 entered into force on 1 January 2025. However, the transitional procedures outlined in Annex A of the previous version (ADR 2023) may still be used until 30 June 2025. 

On 6 January 2025, the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) published the 2025 version of the European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Inland Wat...

On 6 January 2025, the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) published the 2025 version of the European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Inland Waterways (ADN) on its portal. ADN 2025 takes into account all the amendments and corrections referred to here: ECE/ADN/70, ECE/ADN/70/Corr.1, ECE/ADN/70/Add.1, ECE/ADN/70/Add.1/Corr.1, ECE/TRANS/WP.15/AC.2/84, Annexes II and III, ECE/TRANS/WP.15/AC.2/86, Annexes I and III, ECE/TRANS/WP.15/AC.2/88, Annexes II and III. UNECE publishes an updated version of ADN every two years.   

ADN 2025 (ECE/TRANS/351) consists of two volumes in a single document:  

1. Volume I:  General Transport Requirements  

2. Volume II: Dangerous classification list  

Highlights of ADN 2025   

• New entries have been added to Table A - Dangerous Goods List with UN Nos 514, 3551-3560. 

• Special transport provisions have been introduced for the carriage of UN Number 3559 (Fire Suppressant Dispersing Devices).  

• Labeling requirements have been added for UN No. 3556. 

• ADN 2025 is based on the Model Regulations annexed to the twenty-third revised edition of the Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods published by the United Nations (ST/SG/AC.10/1/Rev.23). 

• The electronic version of ADN 2025 is available free of charge in three languages (English, French, and Russian). The Russian version has not yet been published, while the other two have.   

Transitional Measures and Enforcement Dates 

While ADN 2025 became effective from 1 January 2025, the transitional procedures outlined in Annex A of the previous version (ADN 2023) may still be used until 30 June 2025.   

On 25 November 2024, the International Council of Chemical Associations (ICCA) launched the first version of its Plastics Additives Database, aiming to enhance transparency and provide essential healt...

On 25 November 2024, the International Council of Chemical Associations (ICCA) launched the first version of its Plastics Additives Database, aiming to enhance transparency and provide essential health and safety information about chemicals used in plastics. This unique database consolidates verified industry data on thousands of plastic additives, including their functions, chemical properties and regulatory status. It supports governments, regulators and stakeholders in making informed decisions about plastic additives, in line with the Global Framework on Chemicals' goal of increasing transparency, promoting sustainable plastics management and sound chemicals management. The initiative underscores ICCA’s commitment to science-based regulation and collaboration in promoting chemical risk management and circular economy principles. 

ICCA’s Plastic Additives Database 

The Plastic Additives Database is a unique resource offering verified industry data on plastic additives, including their commercial uses, chemical properties, functions, hazard classifications, and regulatory status. By consolidating scattered information from multiple sources into one platform, the database provides a comprehensive, user-friendly tool for regulators and stakeholders. This facilitates informed decision-making on plastic additives by making essential safety and regulatory information easily accessible, supporting efforts to align plastics production with sustainability goals. 

Enhancing the Global Plastics Industry 

Plastics are essential to the global economy, supporting industries from food preservation to healthcare and technology. While innovations rely heavily on plastics, there are growing concerns about the safety of chemical additives. The ICCA’s Plastic Additives Database addresses this challenge by providing transparent, industry-verified information. This tool helps build public confidence, supports regulatory compliance with international safety standards and ensures responsible management of additives used in plastics. 

Ongoing Expansion and Future Updates 

The Plastics Additives Database is the first phase of an ongoing initiative to improve chemical profiles with verified data on plastic additives. Future updates will include additional chemicals and details, such as links to publicly available risk assessments, further enhancing its usefulness for regulators and stakeholders in managing chemical safety. 

A groundbreaking proposal to establish strict criteria and lists for chemicals of concern in plastics was launched by Norway, the Cook Islands and Rwanda ahead of INC-4 (the fourth session of the Inte...

A groundbreaking proposal to establish strict criteria and lists for chemicals of concern in plastics was launched by Norway, the Cook Islands and Rwanda ahead of INC-4 (the fourth session of the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee to develop an international legally binding instrument on plastic pollution) in Canada in April 2024. This initiative aims to improve global environmental and health safety standards by addressing the full life cycle of plastics, including the chemicals they contain.

Since 2022, the UN has been negotiating a legally binding international treaty to address plastic pollution have been underway at the United Nations (UN). This initiative aims to establish global rules and measures for a circular economy, with a focus on reducing the production and use of plastics, promoting reuse models and redesigning plastic packaging throughout its lifecycle. Priority will be given to addressing plastic packaging, which is a significant contributor to plastic waste. The negotiations, initiated in November 2022 under the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee (INC), are expected to be concluded by November/December 2024 at INC-5 in Korea.

Background on the Initiative

Given the urgent need to address hazardous chemicals in plastics, the proposed initiative builds on current global efforts to enhance environmental and health safety standards. Current global chemical regulations cover only a limited range of substances, leaving many hazardous chemicals commonly found in plastics unregulated. This oversight persists despite the known risks these chemicals pose to both human health and the environment. To address these concerns, INC members have agreed on the need for a new international legally binding instrument that would enforce stricter control measures and promote sustainable production and consumption of plastics throughout its lifecycle.

The Proposed Approach

The proposal advocates a two-pronged approach to address these risks:

1. Immediate Restrictions: Chemicals already recognized as harmful and restricted in different jurisdictions would be controlled under this new global framework.

2. Generic Risk Management: A broader regulatory approach would be implemented, focusing on chemicals that pose an intrinsic risk to health or the environment, regardless of the level of exposure.

Criteria for Identifying Chemicals

The proposal sets out specific criteria based on the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). These criteria include carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, reproductive toxicity, chronic organ toxicity and endocrine disruption properties. Additionally, persistence, bioaccumulation, and environmental toxicity are key factors for identifying high-risk chemicals.

Draft Lists for Regulatory Action

Two draft lists were proposed:

- List 1: Chemicals for elimination due to their high risk profile and existing regulations in several countries. The list includes:

• Phthalates (DEHP, DBP, BBP, DIBP).

• Bisphenols (BPA).

• Alkylphenols (nonylphenol,4-tert-octylphenol),

• Flame retardants (TCEP).

• Metals/metal compounds (cadmium, lead, and their compounds).

- List 2: Chemicals to be minimized and closely monitored due to their hazardous nature. The list includes:

• Phthalates (DIDP, DNOP, DCHP, DINP, DIPP, DnHP (DHP), DPP, DPENP, DHEXP, PIPP, BMEP, DNUHP, DIHP, DPP(x)).

• Bisphenols (BPB, BPC, BPF, BPS, BPZ).

• UV-stabilizers (UV-320, UV-327, UV-350 Chimassorb 944, Tinuvin 770, BP-39).

• PFASs (GenX,, PFHxA,, ANDONA)

• Alkylphenols (2-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-ditert-butylphenol; 2,4-ditert-butyl-6-(5-chlorobenzotriazol-2-yl) phenol; 2,4,6-tritert-butylphenol)

• Flame retardants (brominated, chlorinated and organophosphorous).

• Metals, metalloids and metal compounds (antimony, arsenic, chromium, cobalt, molybdenum, tin)

These lists are compiled from a variety of sources, including the latest scientific databases and expert consultations, and are subject to further review and revision.

This proposal was discussed at the recent INC-4 conference, where it was evaluated alongside existing country-led initiatives. The aim was to finalize these lists as part of the new regulatory framework, thereby closing the gap between the limited number of globally regulated chemicals and the large number of unregulated chemicals currently used in plastics.

This proactive approach not only aims to protect human health and the environment, but also supports a safer, more sustainable circular economy for plastics. Further regulatory developments are expected as more countries contribute their assessments and scientific understanding evolves.

On 25 October 2023, the Persistent Organic Pollutants Review Committee (POPRC) of the Stockholm Convention, issued a call for information on a number of proposed persistent organic pollutants (POPs) i...

On 25 October 2023, the Persistent Organic Pollutants Review Committee (POPRC) of the Stockholm Convention, issued a call for information on a number of proposed persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in advance of its upcoming meeting in September 2024. The POPRC is seeking information on chlorpyrifos, medium-chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCPs) and long-chain perfluorocarboxylic acids (LC-PFCAs).

Stockholm Convention

The Stockholm Convention is a global treaty that aims to protect human health and the environment from the effects of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), which are substances that persist in the environment, accumulate in living organisms and pose a risk to human health and the environment. 

POPs can be transported across international borders by air, water or by migratory species, reaching regions where they have never been produced or used. The substances listed in the Convention are generally banned from production, marketing or use, unless specific exemptions or acceptable purposes for continued use are agreed. 

Parties to the Convention may propose a substance for listing if they have gathered evidence suggesting that it may be a POP. The technical scientific committee of the Stockholm Convention (POPRC) will then review and further develop the evidence that the substance has POP characteristics. 

If there is evidence that a substance has POP characteristics, the POPRC then considers the social and economic impacts of banning or restricting that substance and makes recommendations to the Conference of the Parties of the Stockholm Convention, which meets every two years. 

Medium-chain chlorinated paraffins

Chlorinated paraffins are used as plasticisers for polyvinyl chloride, as extreme pressure additives in metal-machining fluids, as additives to paints, coatings, and sealants to improve their resistance to chemicals and to water, and as flame retardants in plastics, fabrics, paints, and coatings.

Medium-chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCPs) were recommended for listing as POPs under the Stockholm Convention at the 19^th meeting of the POPRC (POPRC-19) in October 2023. The Committee decided to recommend that the Conference of the Parties to consider listing chlorinated paraffins with carbon chain lengths in the range C14–17 and chlorination levels of 45 % chlorine or more by weight in Annex A to the Convention with specific exemptions for some applications.

The Committee has invited Parties and observers to provide information that would assist it in possibly strengthening of the recommendations. The deadline for submissions is 24 January 2024 and the information submission forms for MCCPs can be found here.

In particular, the POPRC is specifically asking for the following:

• Information to enable the specification of the chemical identity.

• Information to enable the determination of concentration limits.

• Any other information, including information on the applications relating to specific exemptions.

Long-chain perfluorocarboxylic acids

Long-chain perfluorocarboxylic acids (LC-PFCAs), their salts and precursors have water, oil, dirt and grease repellent properties and are used in a wide range of products, including personal care products, cleaning products, and surface treatments for textiles, upholstery, leather, automotive parts, carpets and paper products, and packaging. They belong to the group of per- and polyfluorinated substances (PFAS). 

The POPRC has adopted the Risk Management Evaluation of LC-PFCAs, their salts, and related compounds, and recommended that the substances be listed for elimination in Annex A to the Stockholm Convention. The Committee invited Parties and observers to provide information that would assist in the possible definition of specific exemptions for the production and use of LC-PFCAs, their salts and related compounds. The deadline for comments is 24 January 2024 and the information submission forms for LC-PFCAs can be found here.

Chlorpyrifos

Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphate pesticide widely used as an agricultural insecticide and as a biocide to control non-agricultural pests. After completing a risk profile for chlorpyrifos, the POPRC has adopted a risk profile and decided that chlorpyrifos is likely to cause significant adverse human health and environmental effects, as a result of its long-range environmental transport and that global action is therefore warranted.

The Committee has requested additional information on the socio-economic considerations for chlorpyrifos to support the preparation of a risk management evaluation as specified in Annex F of the Stockholm Convention. The deadline is 1 December 2023.

At the fifth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Minamata Convention (COP-5), significant progress was made by adopting 21 decisions to further protect human health and the environment fro...

At the fifth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Minamata Convention (COP-5), significant progress was made by adopting 21 decisions to further protect human health and the environment from the harmful effects of mercury. COP-5 was held in Geneva from 30 October to 3 November 2023 and the meeting attracted more than 800 participants and 900 online viewers.

Background on the Minamata Convention

The Minamata Convention on Mercury, adopted in 2013, is the most recent global agreement on environment and health. It is named after the bay in Japan where, in the mid-20th century, mercury-contaminated industrial wastewater poisoned thousands of people, causing severe health damage that became known as the “Minamata disease”. Since the Convention entered into force on 16 August 2017, 147 Parties have been working together to control the supply and trade of mercury, reduce mercury use, emissions and releases of mercury, raise public awareness, and build the necessary institutional capacity.

Decisions taken at COP-5

New phase-out dates:

• By 2025, the use of all mercury-added cosmetics must be phased out, with the exception of products intended for use around the eyes area due to the unavailability of safe substitute preservatives. This includes skin-lightening soaps and creams.

• Certain batteries, switches, relays, and fluorescent lamps will be phased out between 2025 and 2027, depending on the type.

• The use of mercury as a catalyst in polyurethane production will be phased out by 2025.

Dental amalgam:

• Parties that have not yet phased out dental amalgam will now be required to submit a national action plan every four years on their progress in phasing out or phasing down dental amalgam.

• Further action on dental amalgam will be considered at COP-6 in 2025.

Mercury waste:

• Guidance on BAT (best available techniques) and BEP (best environmental practices) for controlling mercury releases to land and water was adopted.

• Parties were encouraged to continue to advance their efforts to control mercury emissions to the atmosphere and to develop emission inventories.

• A threshold value of 15 mg/kg total mercury concentration was established for for waste contaminated with mercury or mercury compounds.

Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM):

• Advocate for greater involvement of indigenous peoples and local communities in Convention projects on artisanal and small-scale gold mining, to promote broader participation.

• The importance of protecting and strengthening traditional livelihoods and cultural practises was highlighted and further action was called for in the development and implementation of National Action Plans.

Conclusion

This progress at COP-5 underlines a collective commitment to a healthier, more sustainable future and marks critical steps forward in the global fight against mercury pollution. The decisions taken not only reflect immediate actions but also set the stage for ongoing strategies, emphasising the importance of continued cooperation and commitment to environmental protection.